Standards of the International Labour Organization (ILO).- General overview.- ILO maritime labour Conventions and Recommendations.- The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Instruments and the Human Element.- General Overview.- The STCW Convention and related instruments.- The International Safety Management (ISM) Code.- The International Ship and Port Facility (ISPS) Code.- The Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) on Port State Control.- General overview.- Regional instruments in Europe and the Asia-Pacific Region.- The European Union (EU) and the Protection of Maritime Labour.- General overview.- Substantive law.