Introduction.- Follicle stages and follicular atresia without and with irradiation.- Follicular atresia as proliferative and inflammatory event.- Cortex and cellular stromolysis.- The ovulatory period as acute inflammatory response to oxidative stress and follicle cell harvest.- Corpus luteum cycle with focus on capillary sprouting and regression, eosinophils and KIT-positive cells.- Intraovarian oocyte release (IOR) with severe tissue damage.- Vascular stromolysis and vascular luteolysis for bulk tissue removal.- Polycystic and postmenopausal ovaries and negligible mast cells.- Cytokeratin-positive cells as dendritic-like cells and potential albumin-coexpression in follicles and corpus luteum.- Aspects of immunological control, novel concepts, challenges and clinical perspectives.